Thursday, March 12, 2020
Report on successful academic piece of writing The WritePass Journal
Report on successful academic piece of writing Introduction Report on successful academic piece of writing IntroductionReferences taken from:-Related Introduction This report is aimed to improve the potential of academic writing and skills for students who are writing report on academic lesson or any other academic subjects. There are many Academic writing styles Skills. This report offers useful improving tool for writing Academic piece of writing skills for a successful Piece of academic writing and also develop academic writing and gather knowledge on academic writing for a successful presentation and to build a perfect report. There are few many good writing skills and techniques for developing academic writing skills. Academic writing for a successful presentation can also be said how to write an essay properly. This report or essay will give a demo to the approaches for developing academic writing skills and to know the various steps in the whole process. The approach enables students to engage in academic piece of writing and also allows you to identify your own self identity about your writing and to see the progress towards a finished successful and perfect academic piece of writing. The piece of writing focuses on the following important and beneficial points which are highlighted below: Identifying and resolving the problems faced during the writing. Giving knowledge to know familiar English language structure also helping in required fields needed. Addressing the important points to enhance and improve the academic piece of writing, book notes should be used for writing academic articles. Essays and exams are the main practical test for assessing studentââ¬â¢s progress. As a result of these approaches the students can improve their skills and knowledge and try to improve the performance which will result in increasing and raising the level of the studentââ¬â¢s confidence. A teacher can also help the student by drawing attention to the different styles of speaking and also different types of writing and improving them to write successful academic piece of writing. There are many writing styles in a language such as english.This also helps in writing reports successfully and also writing styles, writing lessons will be improved. Improving and Developing Academic Writing Skills: A student can help in improving writing skills by attempting on writing and focusing on the other skills areas. Some of them are as follows and the important ones are highlighted below. For Example When a student is reading a passage, he should focus on the text or the argument or focus in the grammar section. A teacher can also help the student by drawing attention to the different styles of speaking and also different types of writing and improving them to write successful academic piece of writing. There are many writing styles in a language such as English. These à also helps in writing reports successfully and also writing styles, writing lessons will be improved. Academic piece of successful writing helps in writing, using new vocabularies paraphrasing, referencing, paragraph building and against plagiarism. Also includes summarizing, proof writing, cohesion and coherence all these things should be taken in to consideration while writing a Academic piece of successful writing. And another most important point to remember is that after writing an Academic piece of successful writing a student should always check correct his own piece of writing. These are the following important points which should be carefully examined before preparing a successful Piece of academic writing. If these points are not carefully or properly assessed, itââ¬â¢s impossible to make a successful Piece of academic writing. Successful Piece of academic writing requires knowledge in academic. The most important points which are required or very important while writing a successful Piece of academic writing, they are as follows:- Cohesion and coherence Paraphrasing and Summarising Proof Reading Plagiarism Referencing Now all the important points which are essential for writing a successful Piece of academic writing are explained below:- à Cohesion and coherence Cohesion and coherence are very essential skills for students. Cohesion means connection between one word to another by both logically and grammatically. It includes use of synonyms, tenses, verb etc. Coherence means linking arguments and ideas, paragraphs and sentences each otherââ¬â¢s its can be easy to understand. Cohesion is the bond that joins a piece of writing together it holds together sentence to sentence and paragraph to paragraph. Paraphrasing and Summarising Paraphrasing and Summarising is the rewriting texts from original texts to own words. Summary is basically one fourth of the writer views and in this views we select main and essential idea. Paraphrasing maintained meaning and quality of the writer views and it may be same length and extended to original words. It makes sure our views generate sense and reader can understood it. Proof Reading Proof Reading is the focussing on mistakes of grammatical, punctuation and spelling. Itââ¬â¢s the essential part for editing; we should always care about proofread after revision. Proof readers find different into original source to document. Plagiarism Plagiarism is the serious crime .It involve copying someone else words, wrong information about the source and changing in some words such put the synonym but copying the sentence. Itââ¬â¢s a dishonesty our work therefore avoid the plagiarism. Avoid Plagiarism Always use quotation marks if use writerââ¬â¢s words and should acknowledge every source. When summarise any topic firstly reading the source and always express own ideas. Modify the original source using proper paraphrase. Referencing ââ¬â Referencing is indicated what source used in topic .There are two parts of referencing- text References and Bibliography of the references. In texts references included writer name, date of publication, or mention website. It is used for acknowledgment and given credit to author. Bibliography is the end list and it is the photocopied material which searching our source. These are the following important points which should be carefully examined before preparing a successful Piece of academic writing. To conclude we must take care of all the points and also should be carefully examined before starting to prepare a successful Piece of academic writing. We should also take help of academic styles, reading books also helps in preparing a perfect report. All the findings and knowledge gathered from other academic writing should be acknowledged with proper referencing. If we take care of all these essential points we can ultimately make a proper academic piece of writing. References taken from:- 1. studymore.org.uk/gloess.htm.à à 2. slideshare.net/malomaths/academic-writing-dit-summary
Tuesday, February 25, 2020
Homework Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5
Homework - Assignment Example The professor is still new to the U.S environment and serves as the advisor to the lesbian and gay bisexual transgender movement in campuses (Loffreda, 231). Worth noting is that she is an outsider and an insider in these events. She is quite observant and contacts an interview to the police officers, students, politicians, townspeople and activists among other people. She does this with the aim of making untying the knot of forces that is tied to the fate of the young man more visible. Furthermore, the author explores how the sexual politics unfolds in a sparsely and remote area in America. During this time the sexual politics was very common in the American culture war. She captures the daily life occurrences since 1998 in Laramie (Loffreda, 238). She does this in a more brilliant manner which occurred in Wyoming. This was a community that lived in a rural, conservative, poor and a breathtaking beautiful state which did not have a bookstore or a gay. She also focuses on several characters which include gays, homicide investigators, gay activists, the unreflective journalists in the media houses, and the appearance of Mary, Paul, and Peter. In addition, Loffreda goes through a series of events (226). She starts with the protests of the townspeople and the students against the gays. They rise above the famous anti-gay theatrics of the defrocked Fred Phelp towards the spontaneous support to matt during the homecoming parade in the university. In addition, the bias by the town council on legislation to trace evidence by the investigators is also analyzed. The book does not just look into this but also focuses on other events. She recounts on the death of matt and most surprising stories which were left out in the media
Sunday, February 9, 2020
Ethical issues raised in contemporary media Essay
Ethical issues raised in contemporary media - Essay Example However, the real trouble begins when there is no limitation on what the press can print, because the press will become less reliable over time. In addition to the pressure from the need to attract advertisers, private media must sell copies, even if those sales do not generate the major income, because advertisers want wide dispersal of their ads. Advertisements are priced on two factors: the size of the ad and the circulation of the paper. Even where the press is privately owned, not government controlled and the owners try to insure objectivity, the news is still filtered. Someone chooses what news to present to the public. As long as there is a profit motive in any enterprise, total objectivity is impossible. In the media the big money comes from advertisements, and not subscriptions, so it would be nearly impossible for the media to publish any news which adversely impacts its advertisers. In a tight market where newspapers are struggling to survive, this is doubly so. The free press is not at all free: it has a cost. The main cost is watchfulness. Historically the press has the power to influence the public. In truly participatory governed countries, the press is mandated to provide objective reports on whatever happen in the world. Many of the journalists try to do this, but of late, credibility has been severely strained by the failure of some papers to stay objective. The Staples deal in 1999 is a case in point. The Los Angeles Times was reported as having devoted an Oct. 10 issue of its magazine section to coverage of the new Staples Center sports arena, under a deal to share revenues with the center. This is decidedly a conflict of interest for an objective newspaper. (Jurkowitz, Mark 1999) Worse than this kind of conflict of interest is the exploitation of the public in order to sell newspapers. Sensational stories sell newspapers. Tabloids sell well,
Thursday, January 30, 2020
Osmosis Lab Report Essay Example for Free
Osmosis Lab Report Essay
Wednesday, January 22, 2020
Essay --
According to the film ââ¬Å"Too Big Too Failâ⬠the cause of the crash was from home loanings. Which in the case banks started to give out loans to people that owned homes. Giving out loan to homeowners the banks started to gain a lot of money. Later on in the process the owners of the banks began to go overboard by giving out more loans. And since the banks were lending out more loans , homeowners thought they could afford it. Reasons why the housing market crashed according to the film was because banks gave homeowners loans even if they could not afford it. The banks had their pride set to high, because they never thought that the housing market would ever crash or go down, so they invested securities in wall street. So the banks bought insurance on consumer loans. Which consumer loan is ââ¬Å" a loan that establishes consumer credit that is granted for personal use, usually unsecured and based on the borrowers integrity and ability to payâ⬠(Free Dictionary). When the housing market dropped the homeowners could not pay the banks their money back. In which the insurance companies could not pay...
Monday, January 13, 2020
P Japan Skii Case
P&G Japan: SK-II Globalization Case SK-II is a high-end skin care product, which has proven to be a success in the highly selective and competitive Japanese cosmetics market. It fits in the Japanese environment nicely. For starters, the wealthy Japanese society gives P&G a large market to target. Also, the uniquely sophisticated habits of Japanese women means they are more likely to accept the more complicated procedure required by SK-II. SK II involves six to eight steps, which is more than the number of steps of any other skin care products used in the rest of the world (1, p. ). Overall strategy of the of the organization Given this productââ¬â¢s success in Japan for 1999 ($150 million in sales), P&G is considering expanding its SK-II into a global brand. When doing this, management has to consider how the Japanese market compares to the other markets being proposed (China and Europe) as part of their international expansion. They should also do a thorough analysis of each of t he markets being considered for this product, and an analysis of their competitorsââ¬â¢ firm wide international strategy.Because the Japanese market is very different from these other markets, the same level of success cannot be guaranteed. This includes the distribution channel and the supporting industries, e. g. , TV advertising is relatively cheaper in Japan than in Europe. Models and Theories P&Gââ¬â¢s International Business-Level Strategy. Porterââ¬â¢s model suggests that international business-level strategies are usually grounded in one or more of these home-country factors (1, p. 274).Based on Porters model, the firmââ¬â¢s strategy, structure, rivalry and demand conditions seem to be significant for P&Gââ¬â¢s international business-level strategy. Firm strategy, structure, and rivalry:à SK-II is the result of the combined ingenuity of P&Gââ¬â¢s most talented technologists from its worldwide labs, as well as the specific expertise from a Japanese group. T his combination worked well because it reflected the best of P&G's consolidated R;D while catering specifically to the needs of the Japanese market (2, p. 8).Being a global company headquartered in the U. S. makes it easier for P;G to bring its global talent to its home-country so that it can improve its R;D capabilities and thus have a competitive advantage. Having a pre-existing global structure may also make it easier to adapt this product to the needs of those other countries where P;G does business. When considering expanding the SK-II market, this competitive advantage should be considered. Demand conditions. The initial product opportunity for SK-II came about from U.S / global demand for an improved facial cleansing product (2, p. 8). That spawned the creation of SK-II as well as other products developed to meet these needs. Because SK-II was developed in response to the demand conditions in Japan, it became a highly regarded cosmetics product and survived the ferocious comp etition in the Japanese market; thus proving to be a competitive advantage. Furthermore, having a certain amount of understanding of the emerging Asian economic powers, P;G realized that fashionable people in countries like Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, etc. closely follow the fashion trends in Japan. Therefore, by entering the Japanese market and securing a substantial level of market share, P;G could have also created further competitive advantage for entering those emerging Asian markets. This strategy may even prove true in the case of entering the Chinese market. However, one may argue that China is a poorer country, but the populations in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore are basically ethnically Chinese. Therefore, their habits should be much closer than that between Japanese and Chinese.Hence, with the successful entry into the Hong Kong market, Taiwan markets can be used as a direct test of the level to which Chinese women will accept the demanding procedures of SK II (2, p. 6). P;Gââ¬â¢s International Corporate-Level Strategy International Corporate-level strategy can be classified into three different types: multidomestic, global, or transnational (1, p. 277). November, 1999 was an interesting point of time for P;G because the firmââ¬â¢s corporate level strategy appears to be shifting from a multidomestic strategy to a transnational, or perhaps global, strategy.This is being done through the O2005 initiative, and explains some of the struggles P;G may face trying to expand the SK-II product globally. As discussed in the case analysis, P;G was ââ¬Å"in the midst of a bold but disruptive Organization 2005 restructuring program. As GBUââ¬â¢s took over profit responsibility historically held by P&Gââ¬â¢s country-based organizations, management was still trying to negotiate their new working relationships. â⬠(2, p. 1) This quote explains P;Gââ¬â¢s international corporate level strategy, both where it was, and where itââ¬â¢s trying to g o.A tell tale sign of a multidomestic corporate level strategy was for P;G to have profit responsibility held by their country-based organizations. A multidomestic strategy has strategic and operating decisions decentralized to each country to allow products to be tailored to each local market (1, p. 277). The opposite is true for a global corporate strategy. Under an international global corporate strategy, products are standardized across all markets and economies of scale are emphasized (1, p. 280). This was the direction P;G was headed in when GBUââ¬â¢s took over profit responsibility.In fact, this structure is very similar to a ââ¬Ëworldwide product divisional structureââ¬â¢ which supports the use of a global strategy (1, p. 280). However, during the SK-II development through the expansion proposal, P;Gââ¬â¢s international corporate strategy appears to be a transnational strategy, which combines aspects of the two aforementioned strategies. This is done in order to emphasize both local responsiveness and global integration and coordination. This is true with the SK II project. When the SK-II product was first created it was done so on a global level to meet a global demand.The product was then localized for the Japanese market. For instance, separate marketing teams were used in the U. S. and in Japan to develop this product for each market (2, p. 8). By first creating one product to meet global demand rather than regional demand, P;G was able to achieve economies of scale and efficiencies by having one R;D team working on a product that would meet many regions needs. However, P;G then allowed each region some flexibility in how they marketed, priced, and distributed this product.This was a big reason for SK-IIââ¬â¢s success in Japan. It is apparent that P;G has adopted a transnational strategy. In line with the characteristics of that strategy, P;G is considering expanding a product proven to be successful in a demanding (Japanese) market in to other markets. By doing so, P;G will need to rely on aspects of a global strategy that uses a standardized product for the global market such that the competitive advantages in the home-country (Japan) can be leveraged out globally, thus achieving economies of scale.P;G will also need to rely on aspects of a multidomestic strategy that pays great attention to various unique features of different markets. For the Greater China market and the European market, P;G will need to make an effort to fit into the local environment in order to achieve success in a different culture from Japan. In order for this transnational strategy to work for the SK-II expansion, the P;G corporate structure must have good communication and flexibility. Without that, a transnational strategy will not be as effective, and the SK-II expansion may not succeed.Industry environmental analysis: Porterââ¬â¢s ââ¬ËThe Five Forces of Competitionââ¬â¢ Model Paolo de Cesare knew there were significant ri sks in his proposal to expand SK-II into China and Europe. This skin care line from P;G has been a huge success in Japan, a country where customers, distribution channels and competitors were different from those in most other countries. The Model of ââ¬ËThe Five Forces of Competitionââ¬â¢ helps describe the current situation of SK-II in Japan as well as analyze the Industry Environment in P;Gââ¬â¢s target market for its skin care line.This information can be used by P;G when deciding whether or not to launch SK-II in China and the United Kingdom. Japan:à In this special market, where the worldââ¬â¢s leading per capita consumers and highly sophisticated users of beauty products are, the threat of a new entrance seems to be very low. There exist entry barriers that make it difficult for new firms to enter this particular market. Among these barriers is the difficult access to the complex Japanese distribution system and the product differentiation of the very competitiv e companies that already share the market (3, p. 1).Companies as Shiseido, Lion, Kao, and Kanebo compete for market share, suggesting that with few big players in a slow growing market there is strong rivalry (4, p. 1). Furthermore, the low switching costs of the skin care products makes easy for competitors to attract buyers from the rivals, thus enhancing the competition. The threat of substitute products for SK-II in Japan is high because of the high innovative capacity of P;Gââ¬â¢s competitors, Kao and Lion (5, p. 1). These Japanese companies spend huge amounts in research and development to be on top of the technological challenge.The bargaining power of the buyers is not the main factor to set the price, but competence for market share among competitors is. This lets customers have many options to choose from. Additionally, the bargaining power of suppliers doesnââ¬â¢t seem significant for this industry as well. China:à Just the opposite of the Japanese market, the Chi nese market has a high threat of new entrances. The Chinese prestige-beauty segment is growing fast, at 30% to 40% a year and is very attractive for new firms to enter. Almost all-major competitors are already there: Lancome, Shiseido, and Kao are examples of companies selling products in China (6, p. ). The intensity of rivalry among the competitors is still low, because this growing market reduces the pressure for firms to take customers from competitors. However, the threat of substitute products is high, because the big players in the Chinese market are mostly global firms, with high innovative capacity. The bargaining power of suppliers and buyers is low. Europe:à Well-respected companies including Estee Lauder, Lancome, Clinique, Chanel and Dior crowd the field of high profile skin care products, resulting in high competence among existing competitors and a low threat of new entrances.The brandsââ¬â¢ prestige and the loyalty of their sophisticated and beauty-conscious cus tomers are high entry barriers. As in Japan and China, the threat of substitutes is high because of the brandââ¬â¢s globalization, and the fact that those companies can easily legally imitate their competitorââ¬â¢s new products. The bargaining power of the buyers is high because of the multiple options they have to choose from. As in the previously described markets, the bargaining power of suppliers is not significant. Five forces vs. market table | Japan| China| United Kingdom|Threat of new entrants| Low| High| Low| Bargaining Power of suppliers| Low| Low| Low| Bargaining Power of buyers| High| Low| High| Threat of substitute products| High| High| High| Intensity of rivalry among competitors| High| Low| High| The I/O and Resource Based Models of Above-Average Returns Regardless of what geographic market Proctor ; Gamble plan to enter with SK-II, they need to carefully observe and learn from those companies already in that market. They have to find out what it is that success ful firms are doing to gain and maintain market share.The I/O model of above-average returns dictates that firms in the same industry generally possess the same resources and pursue similar strategies in order to achieve high returns (1, p. 14). On the other hand, P;G has to utilize its own resources and capabilities which are not similar to competitors in the high-end cosmetics industry. This theory is based on the resource model of above-average returns. The resource model maintains that firms in an industry generally do not have similar resources and capabilities, and that a firmââ¬â¢s unique resources provide a competitive advantage (1, p. 6). The best strategy for P;G to pursue in taking SK-II to the global marketplace is to congruously use these two models. In Japan, where P;G had a large market share in this industry, they utilized their extensive technological resources and extensive research and development. While these resources were spread over the cosmetics industry ( each firm has extensive research and development and technological resources), P;G had the advantage of being a large corporation with deeper pockets than many competitors.With the decision of taking SK-II into the global marketplace looming, these two models serve as effective tools in determining which geographical markets SK-II can flourish. In some cases, as with the U. K. market, the application of these two models can reveal that it might be a better decision to enter a particular market. In the U. K. , many firms are fiercely competing for share in a saturated market. The firmsââ¬â¢ resources and capabilities are spread thinly across the market. This makes it difficult to establish and maintain a competitive advantage. Contrary to the U. K. arketplace, the Chinese cosmetics market is still growing. P;G has the opportunity to leverage its own competitive advantages to enter this market with full force. While SK-II has little visibility outside of Japan (2, p. 6), P;G could use their Japanese market experience to develop an effective strategy for entering other markets such as China, Europe, and eventually the United States. They had established market share in Japan, but the other geographical markets consist of different environments and different competitors who possess different resources and capabilities.As of 2004, P;Gââ¬â¢s most recent challenge is entering the very competitive U. S. cosmetics market with SK-II. It is planned for release in America for February 2004, sold exclusively at Saks Fifth Avenue. Comparison to other organizations Lââ¬â¢oreal Comparison. L'oreal has been one of P&G's major global competitors in the cosmetics industry. Lââ¬â¢oreal's transnational strategy has led them to beà the number one inà (#1 what? ) the world. In 1994 P&G was number two but they have since dropped to number four.Part of the reason for this has been Lââ¬â¢orealââ¬â¢s ability to capitalize in the international markets. Lââ¬â¢orea l has steadily become the leader in cosmetics by their ability to adapt their products to the global market and achieve a high level of efficiency. L'oreal's transnational strategy has allowed it to build a strong global structure while still leaving room for different adjustments that might be needed at a local level. For example, Lââ¬â¢oreal's ââ¬ËFree Holdââ¬â¢ line (a mousse) was originally priced on the high end of the market, targeted for a higher class of consumer.Once it was realized that the market for their mousse products could be aimed at a younger or less affluent target, Lââ¬â¢oreal released a studio line that was less expensive than the Free Hold line (7, p. 1). This example shows that Lââ¬â¢oreal is willing to use different price levels in different regions or demographics. L'oreal has also adjusted its management structure by specific job function. For example, both U. S. and Europe have a VP of operations. This type of management allows for the busin esses to implement necessary changes at the local level that might not be needed throughout the entire corporation.These factors allow for the continued success that Lââ¬â¢oreal has when using a transnational business strategy on an international level. Proctor and Gamble is trying to go in a different direction than Lââ¬â¢oreal when trying to expand their international business. P&G mostly uses a global strategy where seven global business units that would take control and implement changes into the local businesses (2, p. 5). This approach uses the SBUââ¬â¢s to makes changes at the local level while still maintaining the best interest of the corporation.With SK-II, P&G seems to be completing their transition from a transnational strategy to this global strategy. In a global strategy a company offers standardized products with strategies dictated from the main headquarters. This type of strategy produces less risk for P&G, but it also lowers the chance for potential growth by letting local markets dictate their own strategy. With a global strategy, a business does not take into consideration the local demand by adapting their products to the needs of the people in that area.The global strategy essentially says that whatever the main company decides is best for the company no matter where it is located. (this is already mentioned above, and may be repetitiveâ⬠¦also, no reference is made to the text where this was taken from) P&G has a different corporate structure than that of Lââ¬â¢oreal based on their different business strategies. P&G has fewer managers that are in charge of the phases of business. For instance, P&G does not have multiple people holding the same positions in different countries where they do business.This structure does not allow for as much adaptation to the regional needs of the consumers. Estee Lauder. The Estee Lauder Company prides itself on being one of the world's leading manufacturers and marketers of quality skin ca re, makeup, fragrance and hair care products (9, p. 1). Under the Estee Lauder name there are many brands and line divisions including the self-titled Estee Lauder division. Similar to SK-II, Estee Lauder has a large international presenceà (SKII is still only in Japan.. at least at the time of the caseâ⬠¦should this be changed to say P;G? and sells principally through limited distribution channels to compliment the images associated with its brands (10, p. 1). By using a combination of global and multidomestic strategy, Estee Lauderââ¬â¢s strategy is much like the previously mentioned ââ¬Å"transnational strategyâ⬠(1, p. 282). There are several top level executives that have a large responsibility to global operations. For example, Patrick Bousquet-Chavanne is a Group President and is responsible for marketing, sales and financial direction of all brands within The Estee Lauder Companies in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Latin America, and the Asia/Pacific region. However, he has also established consolidated regional Product Development Centers in Paris and Tokyo (10, p. 1). The Estee Lauder Companies believe in a strong central philosophy typically found in organizations that use a global strategy but also show the willingness for ideas to come from all areas of the business. Their multiple research and development sites in New York, Belgium, Japan, Ontario, and Minnesota prove thisà (this just proves that headquarters has opened multiple centers for R;Dâ⬠¦it doesnââ¬â¢t really prove that ââ¬Ëdecisionsââ¬â¢ are made in regional areas of their business).In order to keep their product responsiveness quick, Estee Lauderââ¬â¢s company website speaks of manufacturing sites in the U. S. , Belgium, Switzerland, the UK, and Canada. Estee Lauder has found a successful mix of upper-end cosmetic products withà Estee Lauderà andà Clinique. While both products are priced with high-end cosmetics, they are differentiated enough to each bring in significant market share. From these results, The Estee Lauder Companies do well at mixing both a multidomestic and global strategy into a successful transnational strategy.Current State of P;G Currently the CEO of P;G is A. G. Lafley, a 1969 graduate of Hamilton College (not Harvard), who was previously in charge of the Beauty Care GBU. Under Lafleyââ¬â¢s leadership, P;G has drastically changed its corporate structure and focus. Within the last year or two, P;G has outsourced all of its back-office operations, including $3 billion worth of IT business outsourced to IBM (13, p. 1). This recent outsourcing trend also includes many of the Global Business Services (GBS) that were a major part of the corporate structure in 1999.Now GBSââ¬â¢s like Finance and HR have been outsourced so that P;G can focus on concentrating on its core products and competencies (14, p. 1). According to its most recent annual report, P;Gââ¬â¢s core competencies are ââ¬Ëbranding, inn ovation, and scaleââ¬â¢, and this focus can be seen in the business decisions made by Lafley (11, p. 6). P;Gââ¬â¢s corporate structure has gone through a restructuring that consists of more than just the reduction of unnecessary GBSââ¬â¢s. The international corporate strategy of P;G has clearly become transnational.There are currently 5 GBUââ¬â¢s which work to provide speed to market, as well as centralized product control for P;G. The GBUââ¬â¢s work closely with seven Market Development Organizations (MDOââ¬â¢s) who work with the local customers and country business teams to develop the right product mix for over 160 countries that P;G does business. (11, pp. 5 ââ¬â 7) The coordination between these two groups shows P;Gââ¬â¢s focus on using a transnational strategy to become a profitable global business in the 21stà century. Recommendations China:à We recommend P;G enter the Chinese market.As was previously discussed, the tremendous growth potential of this market is well worth the high import tariffs and government delays in the import process. If anything, these delays only further stress the importance of starting the process of entering China now, rather than later. There is also a risk of profit loss due to counterfeiting in China. However, because competition has already begun to enter the market, it is extremely important for P;G to also enter to take advantage of the increased growth rate while it exists. Europe:à We recommend P;G do NOT enter the European market.This market appears to already saturated, and growth in the region does not appear to be very strong. We are also concerned with the modest forecasted gains in relation to the expected losses incurred entering this market. P;G does not have expertise dealing with the perfumeries in Germany and France, and so we recommend that they look to acquire/partner with another company who has proven success in this region, should they decide to expand into these markets. Perhaps the recent acquisition of Wella could provide this kind of expertise.With the mixed results from the testing done in the UK, we recommend P;G do some more subjective research in this area before deciding to expand the SK-II line here. Japan:à We recommend P;G expand the SK-II product line in Japan. This is the home country for the SK-II line, and has already established a market for the product. While the slowing market growth and increased competition will result in companies having to fight for market share, SK-IIââ¬â¢s proven success here should help this product line as it expands. A more plentiful SK-II product line may also help solidify its brand name as it expands to other countries.
Sunday, January 5, 2020
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